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Local Volume

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</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="#ebe046">Local Volume</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known number of <a href="Galaxies" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxies">galaxies</a></th><td class="infobox-data">500<a href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Brightest member</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Semi-major_axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-major axis">Semi-major axis</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11 <a href="Parsec" title="Parsec">Mpc</a> (35.9 million <a href="Light_years" class="mw-redirect" title="Light years">light years</a>)<a href="#cite_note-:1-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Diameter" title="Diameter">Diameter</a></th><td class="infobox-data">22 <a href="Parsec" title="Parsec">Mpc</a> (71.8 million <a href="Light_years" class="mw-redirect" title="Light years">light years</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Redshift" title="Redshift">Redshift</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.00 (0 km/s)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Distance" title="Distance">Distance</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0 <a href="Parsec" title="Parsec">Mpc</a> (0 million <a href="Light_years" class="mw-redirect" title="Light years">light years</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table>

The Local Volume is a collection of more than 500 <a href="Galaxies" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxies">galaxies</a> located in an area of the <a href="Observable_universe" title="Observable universe">observable universe</a> near us, within a <a href="Spherical" class="mw-redirect" title="Spherical">spherical</a> region with a <a href="Radius" title="Radius">radius</a> of 11 <a href="Megaparsecs" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaparsecs">megaparsecs</a> from <a href="Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> or up to a <a href="Radial_velocity" title="Radial velocity">radial velocity</a> of <a href="Redshift" title="Redshift">redshift</a> of z < 0.002 (550 km/s).<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>

It was in this region of the <a href="Universe" title="Universe">universe</a> where the Local Volume Legacy (LVL) project took place for the study of 258 galaxies through cycles of observations made by the <a href="Spitzer_Space_Telescope" title="Spitzer Space Telescope">Spitzer Space Telescope</a> using the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) and the Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS).<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a>

This Local Volume study included all galaxies within a 3.5 megaparsec subvolume and a collection of <a href="Spiral_galaxy" title="Spiral galaxy">spiral</a> and <a href="Irregular_galaxy" title="Irregular galaxy">irregular galaxies</a> within 11 megaparsecs. The goals of the study were to collect data on the rate of <a href="Star_formation" title="Star formation">star formation</a>, stellar mass in old star populations, <a href="Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">cosmic dust</a>, and <a href="Starlight" title="Starlight">starlight</a> interference.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>

We can also define the Local Volume by the distance of 10 Mpc over which the <a href="Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a> can distinguish <a href="Star" title="Star">stellar</a> populations in galaxies. This definition can be extended to 15 Mpc to cover a full range of galaxy environments, from <a href="Void_(astronomy)" title="Void (astronomy)">voids</a> to <a href="Galaxy_groups_and_clusters" title="Galaxy groups and clusters">clusters and massive clusters</a>. In the future, it should be possible to extend our definition of Local Volume to even greater distances.

Within the Local Volume is the <a href="Local_Sheet" title="Local Sheet">Local Sheet</a>, an area of flattened <a href="Outer_space" title="Outer space">space</a> containing about 60 galaxies that share the same velocity and is about 7 megaparsecs in radius and about 0.5 megaparsecs thick. The <a href="Local_Group" title="Local Group">Local Group</a>, of which the <a href="Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> and the <a href="Andromeda_Galaxy" title="Andromeda Galaxy">Andromeda galaxy</a> are part, is part of the Local Sheet and therefore, of the Local Volume. The Local Volume, in turn, is included in the <a href="Laniakea_Supercluster" title="Laniakea Supercluster">Laniakea Supercluster</a>.

Local Volume galaxies have a preferred movement called <a href="Virgocentric_flow" title="Virgocentric flow">virgocentric flow</a>, towards the <a href="Virgo_Cluster" title="Virgo Cluster">Virgo cluster</a>, caused by its overwhelming <a href="Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>

Among the member galaxies of the Local Volume, there are several large galaxies or particular galaxies such as <a href="Centaurus_A" title="Centaurus A">Centaurus A</a>, the <a href="Bode_Galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Bode Galaxy">Bode galaxy</a> (M81), the <a href="Cigar_Galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cigar Galaxy">Cigar galaxy</a> (M82), the <a href="Circinus_Galaxy" title="Circinus Galaxy">Circinus galaxy</a>, the <a href="Southern_Pinwheel_Galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Pinwheel Galaxy">Southern Pinwheel galaxy</a> (M83), the <a href="Pinwheel_Galaxy" title="Pinwheel Galaxy">Pinwheel galaxy</a> (M101), the <a href="Sombrero_Galaxy" title="Sombrero Galaxy">Sombrero Galaxy</a> (M104), <a href="NGC_1512" title="NGC 1512">NGC 1512</a>, <a href="Whirlpool_Galaxy" title="Whirlpool Galaxy">M51</a>, <a href="Messier_74" title="Messier 74">M74</a>, <a href="Messier_66" title="Messier 66">M66</a> and <a href="Messier_96" title="Messier 96">M96</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>

Recently, following <a href="Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a> observations, two <a href="Dwarf_galaxies" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwarf galaxies">dwarf galaxies</a>, <a href="Pisces_A" title="Pisces A">Pisces A</a> and <a href="Pisces_B" title="Pisces B">Pisces B</a>, have been identified as having migrated into the Local Volume from the neighboring <a href="Local_Void" title="Local Void">Local Void</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>

<ul><li><a href="Laniakea_Supercluster" title="Laniakea Supercluster">Laniakea Supercluster</a></li>

<li><a href="Pisces%E2%80%93Cetus_Supercluster_Complex" title="Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex">Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex</a></li>

<li><a href="Observable_universe" title="Observable universe">Observable universe</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/LVmeeting/">"Galaxies in the Local Volume"</a>. www.atnf.csiro.au. Retrieved 2022-01-25.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:1-2"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/478/2/1611/4898085">"Local Volume H i Survey (LVHIS) | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | Oxford Academic"</a>. academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2022-01-26.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/413/2/1236/1068584">"Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): galaxies at the faint end of the Hα luminosity function | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | Oxford Academic"</a>. academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2022-02-14.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/LVmeeting/science_case.html">"Galaxies in the Local Volume"</a>. www.atnf.csiro.au. Retrieved 2022-02-05.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caelus.fi/CC/LocalVolume.shtml">"Codex Cosmi"</a>. www.caelus.fi. Retrieved 2022-02-14.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLeeKennicuttEngelbrachtCalzetti2008" class="citation journal cs1">Lee, J. C.; Kennicutt, R. C.; Engelbracht, C. W.; Calzetti, D.; Dale, D. A.; Gordon, K. D.; Dalcanton, J. J.; Skillman, E.; Begum, A. (2008-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ASPC..396..151L">"The Local Volume Legacy Survey"</a>. Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Disks. 396: 151. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ASPC..396..151L">2008ASPC..396..151L</a>. Retrieved 2022-01-25.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKennicuttLeeEngelbrachtBegum2007" class="citation journal cs1">Kennicutt, Robert; Lee, J. C.; Engelbracht, C.; Begum, A.; Block, M.; Calzetti, D.; Dalcanton, J.; Dale, D.; Funes, J. (2007-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AAS...211.9502K">"The Spitzer Local Volume Legacy"</a>. American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts. 211: 95.02. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AAS...211.9502K">2007AAS...211.9502K</a>. Retrieved 2022-01-25.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDaleCohenJohnsonSchuster2009" class="citation journal cs1">Dale, D. A.; Cohen, S. A.; Johnson, L. C.; Schuster, M. D.; Calzetti, D.; Engelbracht, C. W.; de Paz, A. Gil; Kennicutt, R. C.; Lee, J. C. (2009-09-20). "The Spitzer Local Volume Legacy: Survey Description and Infrared Photometry". The Astrophysical Journal. 703 (1): 517–556. <a href="ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.4722">0907.4722</a>. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009ApJ...703..517D">2009ApJ...703..517D</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F703%2F1%2F517">10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/517</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-637X">0004-637X</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:51119114">51119114</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/445/1/899/1749609">"Spitzer Local Volume Legacy (LVL) SEDs and physical properties | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | Oxford Academic"</a>. academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2022-01-25.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKarachentsevKaisina2019" class="citation journal cs1">Karachentsev, I. D.; Kaisina, E. I. (2019-05-21). "Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Volume". Astrophysical Bulletin. 74 (2): 111–127. <a href="ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.08477">1905.08477</a>. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019AstBu..74..111K">2019AstBu..74..111K</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1134%2FS1990341319020019">10.1134/S1990341319020019</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1990-3413">1990-3413</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:160010132">160010132</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sr.bham.ac.uk/~ejos/CLoGS_Sample.html">"CLoGS - The Complete Local-Volume Groups Sample"</a>. www.sr.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2022-01-26.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231034583">"A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies"</a>. Retrieved 2022-02-10.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108100251/https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2016/news-2016-29.html">"Hubble Uncovers a Galaxy Pair Coming in from the Wilderness"</a>. 2020-11-08. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hubblesite.org/contents/news-releases/2016/news-2016-29.html">the original</a> on 2020-11-08. Retrieved 2022-01-25.</cite>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/research/lvls">Local Volume Legacy Survey | Institute of Astronomy</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUvFN8VoQsg">How Far Away Is It - 12 - The Local Galaxy Volume (1080p) - YouTube</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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